Cystine is a sulfur amino acid which contributes to the formation of hair as well as other integuments such as the nails. It plays a complementary role with methionine. Deficiencies in sulfur amino acids provoke hair loss.

Methionine is a sulfur amino acid which contributes to the formation of hair as well as other integuments such as the nails. It plays a complementary role with cysteine in the metabolic process in particular in the biosynthesis of epidermal and integument keratins.

Arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide (Saini et al. 2013). Nitric oxide is a vasodilator involved in the regulation of hair growth and acting on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, improving the vascularization of hair follicles helps to increase the number and induce hair growth (Wolf et al. 2003).

It participates in the process of cell division, including keratinization: it helps fight against the hair from drying (Kragballe, 1997; Ellison et al. 1997; Harmon and Nevins, 1994). Evidence of beneficial effect of vitamin D3 in hair health has been widely studied in vitro and in animals (Kragballe, 1997; Ellison et al. 1997; Harmon et al. 1994; Vegesna et al. 2002; Jimenez and Yunis, 1992).

Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) is involved in the Krebs cycle with the formation of glucose, an essential element in the functioning of the hair follicle (Fabre 1987). This vitamin is essential, among other factors, for the good health of the scalp (Gehring, 2000).

Vitamin B6, in the form of pyridoxal phosphate, is an active coenzyme intervening in many enzyme reactions involved in the metabolism of sulfur amino acids (methionine, taurine and cysteine). It is required for the transformation of homocystine into cysteine. As a result, the metabolism of methionine and cysteine closely depends on vitamin B6 (Sturman, 1981). Therefore a vitamin B6 deficiency induces a reduction in the incorporation of cysteine in the hair (Sturman, 1981; D’agostini, 2007).

Biotin is an essential B vitamin, vitamin B7, also known as vitamin H. The enzymes responsible for hair, skin, and nail health depend on it, and it also stimulates keratin synthesis. A biotin deficiency can lead to thinning and weakening of the hair. Your body needs biotin to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and amino acids, the building blocks of protein. Biotin is often recommended for strengthening hair and nails, and it's found in many cosmetic products for hair and skin.

Zinc is known to be essential for the growth of hair and other epidermal tissue. It is involved in the synthesis of keratin, the main component of hair. This accounts for its effect on the speed of hair growth, since the growth involves an optimum level of zinc in the follicles (EMEA, 1996). Zinc inhibits the 5-reductase, present in the root and sebaceous gland, an enzyme responsible for the transformation of testosterone into its active form, dihydrotestosterone. These androgens are usually the cause of hair loss (EMEA, 1996; EVM, 2003).

The role of copper in the pigmentation of skin, hair, and eyes is related to the requirement of the cuproenzyme tyrosinase (monophenol oxidase) for melanin synthesis. Mutational loss of this catalytic function leads to albinism. Achromotrichia is observed in domestic and laboratory animals consuming diets low in copper (Arredondo and Nunez, 2005; Linder, 1991).

Horsetail extract is known to improve the circulation of your blood, which in turn leads to healthy hair follicles. It has antioxidant properties that also work as a detox for your hair and body. When your scalp gets enough blood, it increases its ability to produce more hair.

Rocket extract helps stimulate the hair bulb and encourages its growth. Vitamin B6 contributes to the normal synthesis of cysteine. Cysteine is an essential keratin compound that assures a role in the resistance and thickness of hair.

It helps to produce keratin, a protein that makes up the structure of hair. Deficiency in folic acid can lead to hair thinning and hair loss.